Ban on Partial Birth Abortion Procedure Upheld by High Court

In a week dominated by victories for federal regulation, the Court issued its 5-4 decision in Gonzales v. Carhart, upholding the federal ban on so-called "partial birth" abortions.  The decision overrules the Eighth and Ninth Circuits, who had each ruled the Act's lack of an exception for the preservation of the woman's health rendered the Act unconstitutional.   Justice Kennedy, writing for a majority predictably comprised of Scalia, Thomas, Roberts and Alito, stated the challengers  "have not demonstrated that the Act would be unconstitutional in a large fraction of relevant cases."  The ruling rejects the "undue burden" test for facial challenges to abortion restriction statutes.  However, Justice Kennedy stated the "Act is open to an as-applied challenge in a discrete case."

In her dissent, Justice Ginsberg called the ruling alarming as it "tolerates, indeed applauds, federal intervention to ban nationwide a procedure found necessary and proper in certain cases by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists."  

How Appealing offers this selection of news reports regarding the decision.

SCOTUSBlog presents comments on the decision from assorted perspectives, including  The Thomas More Society, and The Center for Reprouctive Rights.  

 

New Mexico Schools Lose Funding Battle

In yet another victory today for federal regulation, in Zuni Public School District No. 89 v. Dept of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Department of Education's method of calculation for determining when states had equalized expenditures for public school spending under state programs, finding the agency's method within Congressional intent.  At issue was approximately $20 million in funding per year the New Mexico schools claimed it was due for its Native American pupils.  

 Scalia bitterly dissented, castigating the decision as "the elevation of judge supposed legislative intent over clear statutory text.""

The Volokh Conspiracy makes note of the Breyer's odd structure in his majority opinion's odd structure and the comments thereon by two members of the majority.

Victory for National Banks

The U.S. Supreme Court’s opinion in Watters v. Wachovia Bank N.A. (No. 05-1342) holds that state regulation of national banks and their subsidiaries yields to federal regulation.   Scotusblog offers a round-up of news reports on the 5-3 decision authored by Ginsberg.